Read the article and then answer the following questions:
1. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that promoted humanistic values. Write a short explanation for each term in the right column.
Humanistic Values
|
Explanation
|
Reason
|
|
Evidence‐based knowledge
|
|
Free inquiry
|
|
Individual liberty
|
|
Humanism
|
|
Limited government
|
|
Separation of church and state
|
|
2. Modern‐day scholars—usually college professors—publish research, write reviews, and critique each other’s work in academic journals. These journals are similar to the “Republic of Letters” of the Enlightenment.
Choose 1 academic journal in a field in which you are interested and answer the questions below:
- What is the journal’s specific field?
- What types of articles are published in the journal?
- Who is its audience?
- Did the academic journal’s field of inquiry exist during the Enlightenment? If not, what area of knowledge was similar to this field during the 17th and 18th centuries?
3. Follett mentions 4 Enlightenment thinkers who have had a lasting impact on our lives. In the chart below, write the name of each author’s most famous work and at least 1 of their ideas. You may have to make an inference (an educated guess) about the scholar’s idea.
Thinker
|
Famous Work
|
Idea(s)
|
Montesquieu
|
|
|
Diderot
|
|
|
Voltaire
|
|
|
Rousseau
|
|
|
4. In addition to the French and American revolutions, name 3 other major political movements that were inspired by Enlightenment ideals.
5. According to Follett, how was the Enlightenment connected to the Industrial Revolution?
6. Why were some French intellectuals more welcome in salons and cafés than in academic institutions during the Enlightenment?
7. Using your newly acquired knowledge about the history of Paris, answer these questions:
- Why do you think Paris was an important center for Enlightenment ideas?
- How do you think these ideas influenced the world?
8. After reading the article, why do you think Paris was called “the City of Light?” Use 2–3 examples from the article to support your opinion.